Search Results for: environment

Source: adapted from K. Button, Center for Transportation Policy, Operations and Logistics, George Mason University, Lecture Notes. The spatial and temporal dimensions are important to consider when assessing the impacts of environmental externalities, such as pollutants. The more extensive the spatial and the temporal dimensions, the more difficult it is

Transportation activities involve separate modes supporting the mobility of passengers and freight (within or between modes). Each has an environmental impact: Infrastructure. Transport infrastructure construction and maintenance require resources (materials), energy, and land. Vehicle manufacture. Involves the resources and energy consumed in the manufacturing process. This also includes the delivery

Source: adapted from US Environmental Protection Agency (2000) The Lean and Green Supply Chain: A Practical Guide for Materials Managers and Supply Chain Managers to Reduce Costs and Improve Environmental Performance, Environmental Accounting Project, EPA 742-R-00-001. To produce and make goods available on the market, a hierarchy of environmental costs

Source: adapted and expanded from CEMT, 1990. There are a number of relationships between the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the lithosphere, and the ecosphere, and some noted impacts.

The environmental system may be understood in an ecological sense as the set of interactions between the elements of the biosphere, which includes the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the lithosphere, and the ecosphere: The atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), and traces (remaining 1%) of carbon dioxide, argon, water

Author: Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue The transportation footprint specifically relates to the amount of space required to support transport infrastructures, terminals, and operations. 1. Land Requirement and Consumption Historically, several environmental aspects impacted the organization and regulation of the footprint taken by transportation activities. Although various forms of pollution were noted

Author: Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue Transportation systems, from infrastructures to vehicle operations, have environmental impacts ranging from noise, the emission of pollutants to climate change. 1. The Issue of Transport and the Environment The issue of transportation and the environment is paradoxical since transportation conveys substantial socioeconomic benefits, but at the same

Source: adapted from EPA. The environmental dimensions of transportation sequentially involve: Causes. Two major factors are contributing to the level of transport activities. Economics refers to the general level of development, income, and transport supply. An advanced economy is likely to generate more transportation activities per capita than a developing

Significant changes in international trade took place in recent decades as economic activities became increasingly globalized. Although it is difficult to separate the specific phases of globalization clearly, three can be suggested: Immobile factors of production. For reasons mainly linked with regulations (customs restrictions, restrictions on foreign investment and ownership)