Global Production per Car Manufacturer, 1998-2017

Source: International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers The automotive industry is the main industrial employer in the world, with more than 10 million workers and incomes of 1,000 billion US dollars. The North American and Western European markets are saturated and have mainly become replacement markets. Economic growth in developing

Shinkansen (Class 0)

Source: Unknown. The Japanese Shinkansen, or “bullet train” was one of the first high-speed train networks to be constructed (1964). It links the most important Japanese cities, including Tokyo, Nagoya, and Osaka, in a comprehensive network. Early in the 21st century, the network will service all major Japanese cities on

Boeing 747

Source: The Boeing Company. The 747, which entered service in 1969, served as the backbone of intercontinental air transportation from the 1970s to the early 2000s, with a carrying capacity of about 400 passengers. From its introduction, it was the largest commercial airplane, a position it held until 2008 when

First Containership, Ideal-X, 1956

Source: Maersk/SeaLand. On April 26th, 1956, the Ideal-X left the Port of Newark, New Jersey, to the Port Houston, Texas, which was called five days later. It carried 58 35-feet (8 feet wide by 8 feet high) containers, along with a regular load of 15,000 tons of bulk petroleum. The

Diffusion of Telecommunication Services, 1985-2021

Source: International Telecommunication Union. The development of portable (cellular) phones and global telecommunication (internet) networks has been remarkable, especially since the 1990s when the trend became exponential. As of 2021, there were about 8.6 billion cellular phone subscribers and possibly 4.9 billion internet users. Exact figures are difficult to assess

Diffusion of Personal Computing Devices, 1977-2021

Source: Pre 2000 data compiled by H. Dediu and J. Reiner. Recent data from Gartner, Inc. Personal computing devices, enabling users to execute customizable programs, became available in the late 1970s and mass-market products by the mid-1980s. By 2021, more than 341.1 million PC platform devices were being sold around

Moore’s Law (Transistors per Microprocessor), 1971-2022

In 1965 Gordon Moore, co-founder of the microprocessor manufacturer Intel, predicted that the number of transistors per integrated circuit would double every 18 months. So far, his assumption remains reasonably true as microprocessors saw their number of transistor equivalent jump from 2,250 in Intel’s 4004 (1971) to 731 million in

Global Submarine Cable Network

Source: Dataset encoded by Greg Mahlknecht. The setting of the first submarine cables took place in the second half of the 19th century, notably with the laying of the first successful transatlantic cable in 1866. By 1900 a global telegraphic cable network was established, with transpacific connections completed in 1902.

Bell’s First Telephone, 1875

Source: Unknown. Alexander Graham Bell’s interest in the education of deaf individuals led him to develop the microphone and, in 1876, what he referred to as an “electrical speech machine”, better known today as a telephone. By 1878, Bell had set up a telephone exchange in New Haven, Connecticut. By 1884,

Boeing 707

Source: Wikipedia. Photo circa 1964. BOAC (British Overseas Airways Corporation) merged in 1974 with Imperial Airways to form British Airways. Boeing was among the first aircraft company to build a turbojet civil airliner. Initially, it was built as a military aircraft (tanker / transport), but commercial versions were soon available.