Main Sources of Cyberattacks

Source: Adapted from IAPH (2021) Cybersecurity Guidelines for Ports and Port Facilities, Version 1.0, International Association of Ports and Harbors, Tokyo. Cyberattacks are undertaken by various agents, each having its own motivations and objectives. The core motivation remains financial gains undertaken by specialized criminal groups with the use of ransomware

Thefts by Type of Cargo and Location, World, 2019

Source: BSI & TT Club Cargo Theft Report 2020. Cargo theft during the transportation process is an enduring issue, in developed and developing economies alike. While the median value of thefts was around $80,000 in North America, it was around $12,000 in Asia. This difference mainly reflects the reported commercial

Chapter 9.2 (Transport planning and governance) updated

A comprehensive primer on the concept of planning as it relates to transportation infrastructure and terminals. Such facilities are subject to a governance structure where the public and private sectors take a role. 9.2 – Transport Planning and Governance | The Geography of Transport Systems (transportgeography.org)

Continue reading

Chapter 9.1 (The nature of transport policy) updated

A primer on the nature and how transport policy is applied through policy instruments. 9.1 – The Nature of Transport Policy | The Geography of Transport Systems (transportgeography.org)

Continue reading

B.17 – Logistics Policies

Author: Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue Logistics policies cover a range of freight distribution activities related to modes, terminals and warehousing. 1. Context To better adapt to the growing complexity of the transportation system, there has been an emerging shift in transportation policy towards a set of logistics policies. They cover a

The Bullwhip Effect on Supply Chains

A common risk in a supply chain is referred to as the “bullwhip effect“, where demand can back-propagate and create an undue level of procurement; an amplification. For instance, a customer may order 10 units of a product from a retailer. The retailer may order 12 units from a distributor