An overview of the classic product life cycle perspective and its main stages.
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Update of PowerPoint Slides
The PowerPoint slides have been updated to reflect the latest content changes and graphical improvements. This material can only be used for educational purposes.
Continue readingCommodity chains and added value (update)
Trying to improve the representation of the classic “smile curve” about added value along a value chain.
Continue readingThe expansion strategies of multinationals (new page)
Added a new page depicting the main expansion strategies of multinationals, usually to assess new pools of resources, expand markets, lower production costs or access technologies.
Continue readingTypes of Corporations by Multinational Expansion Strategy
There are different reasons and strategies that drive corporations to expand internationally: Raw material seekers are corporations extracting resources, processing them, and making them available on global commodity markets for industrial use. Many emerged at resource-rich locations and developed technical capabilities and scale in the extraction of specific resources. As
The last-mile in inland freight distribution (update)
The challenges of massification versus atomization in inland freight distribution.
Continue readingThe concepts of offshoring, nearshoring and farshoring
Outsourcing can take place without offshoring and offshoring can occur without outsourcing.
Continue readingOffshoring, Nearshoring and Farshoring
Outsourcing and offshoring are often confused when they are related to different processes. While outsourcing is the transfer of an organizational function, including manufacturing, to an entity (subcontractor) outside the firm, it takes place irrespective of the geographical context. Outsourcing can take place within the same country or on another
Expansion strategies for corporations (update)
The three conventional directions for expansion as a corporation grows, including vertical and horizontal integration, as well as outsourcing.
Continue readingThe core principles of transport geography (update)
The page suggests eight core principles defining transport geography.
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