Source: Adapted from UNCTAD (2022) Building Capacity to Manage Risks and Enhance Resilience: A Guidebook for Ports, UNCTAD/TCS/DTL/INF/2022/3.
Devising and implementing a strategy to enhance preparedness and resilience in the face of disruptive events requires five action-oriented steps, involving:
- The identification of hazards from a wide range of natural and anthropogenic disruptions that are specific to the transport system being considered.
- Assessing vulnerability and potential impacts by identifying specific risks, levels of exposure to risks, and the potential consequences of a hazard.
- Elaborating response and mitigation measures involving infrastructure and processes related to management and operations. These measures can aim for prevention and preparedness (before the event), or be responsive and adaptive (after the event), with both aiming to speed up the recovery.
- Prioritizing response and mitigation measures that had been elaborated using prioritization analysis, such as cost-benefit analysis and resource allocation for finance, labor, and other resources. This step will help to focus on the most important strategies.
- Implementing response and mitigation measures that have been prioritized and elaborated through their deployment. Once these measures have been implemented, a review process should follow to assess their effectiveness and make any required adjustments that may be required.