Search Results for:

Intermodal transportation is a specific function of the friction of distance, which has a stepwise structure depending on if what is being transported is in movement or being handled at a transport terminal or a distribution center. On the above graph, intermodal transport costs (C(T)) between an origin and a destination

Source: BTS. When transportation systems are taken individually they carry commodities in accordance to standard transport economics; the value of what is being transported is related to the transport costs of the mode being used. Commodities strictly carried by rail have the lowest value per ton (e.g. coal, gain) while

Source: UNCTAD, Review of Maritime Transport, various years. North American trade (particularly the United States) with several countries of the Pacific is systematically imbalanced, notably with China, Japan, and South Korea. These imbalances emerged during the 1990s. From an import/export ratio of close to 1 in 1995, this ratio surged

Source: UNCTAD, Review of Maritime Transport. Container flows are quite representative of global trade imbalances, which have steadily been growing since the mid-1990s. For instance, 3 times as many containers are moving from Asia to the United States (20.6 million TEUs in 2020) than vice-versa, meaning that the equivalent of

Source: adapted from Crinks, P. (2000) Container Usage Asset Management in the Global Container Logistics Chain, International Asset Systems. Containers are built to be durable since they can be exposed to all possible conditions, from tropical to subarctic. They are also subject to potential damage when loaded, unloaded, transshipped, or

Photo: Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, 2012. Stacking containers on a ship is a complex operation involving close interaction between the container yard, drayage operations between the ship and the yard, and crane operations. The above photo depicts a typical stacking configuration of different container sizes and types taking place on a

In 1995 an ISO agreement was reached concerning container marking codes that would depict the length, height, and type of container in a short and easy-to-read sequence. This sequence is composed of four letters or digits. The first element of the sequence is about the length of the container, with

Photo: Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, 2005. The port of Yantian was opened in 1994 to accommodate the surge in exports from the Pearl River Delta in general and from the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone in particular. Located right next to Hong Kong (SAR), it offers deep water facilities of 15 to

Source: Adapted from OECD (2005) DSTI/DOT/MTC(2005)5/REV1, The role of changing transport costs and technology in industrial relocation. Note: 2 TEU per 1 FEU. Freight rate of $1,383 per TEU based on average spot freight rates between 2010 and 2019 for Shanghai-Europe and Shanghai-US West Coast trade routes. The cost relations

Source: Notteboom, T. and J-P Rodrigue (2009) “The Future of Containerization: Perspectives from Maritime and Inland Freight Distribution”, Geojournal, Vol. 74, No. 1, pp. 7-22. Within global production networks, the container is concomitantly a transport, production, and distribution unit. Transport unit. Irrespective of what it carries, a container is a